Babban Hijira na Wildebeest
A kowace shekara, da Masai Mara/Serengeti Hijira ta wildebeest tana ba da wannan abin mamaki na halitta. Adadin da aka samu yana da ban mamaki: har zuwa dabbobi miliyan biyu, ciki har da barewa, jakuna, da namun daji, suna tafiya a hankali a cikin wannan babban yanayin halittu don neman ruwa mai kyau da kiwo.
Babban Hijira, ci gaba da ƙaura mai zagaye na dabbobi sama da miliyan ɗaya a cikin yanayin halittu na Serengeti-Mara, yana ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da masoyan namun daji da yanayi suka fi nema. Don neman ruwa da kiwo, ginshiƙan wildebeest masu canzawa koyaushe, tare da rakiyar abokai da yawa, suna tafiya a kan wata tsohuwar hanya. Suna tafiya ta cikin ta. Filayen Masai Mara a Kenya, har zuwa kudu har zuwa Tanzania, ta hanyar Serengeti zuwa gefen Ngorongoro Crater, sannan a yi zagaye a kusa da agogo. Yayin da mafarauta ke kama dubban dabbobi kuma ana haifar da dubban dabbobi don sake cika yawan jama'a da kuma kula da da'irar rayuwa, akwai babban abin mamaki a kan hanya.
Wannan abin mamaki ne kwarai da gaske: garken da ke ƙaura suna fuskantar cikas da wahalhalu da dama yayin da suke tafiya daga wani yanki zuwa wani, kuma ana ci gaba da kai musu hari daga mafarauta, ba kamar manyan kuliyoyi na Afirka da manyan kada masu ban mamaki waɗanda ke jira a wurare daban-daban na ketare kogi ba. Adadin jaki da ƙananan adadin barewa na Grant, barewa na Thomson, barewa, da impala suna tare da babban ƙaura na daji na Serengeti. Waɗannan suna bin tsarin da ake iya faɗi a kowace shekara. Suna tafiya duk shekara don neman sabon kiwo kuma, yanzu ana kyautata zaton, ruwa mai inganci.
Yadda Babban Hijira ke motsawa cikin shekara
Hijira tana ci gaba da tafiya a duk shekara, ko da dabbobin daji suna zubar da 'yan maraƙi ko kuma suna ƙoƙarin ketare koguna yayin da suke guje wa dabbobin daji. Ci gaba da karatu don gano inda Babban Hijira yake faruwa a lokuta daban-daban na shekara.
Janairu, Fabrairu, da Maris Hijira
Kowace shekara a kusa da watan Janairu, ƙaura tana kammala tafiya zuwa kudu, tana wucewa ta cikin Yankin Kare Ngorongoro kuma a gefen gabas na SerengetiFilayen da ke wannan yanki suna da yalwar ciyawa mai gina jiki, wanda ke ba wa garken yanayi mai kyau don kiwon ƙananan 'ya'yansu.
Yana da kyau a ambaci lokacin haihuwar wildebeests a matsayin farkon ƙaura, duk da cewa wannan da'irar ƙaura ba ta da ainihin farko ko ƙarshe sai haihuwa da mutuwa. Garkunan suna ƙaura zuwa filayen ciyawa masu ɗan gajeren lokaci da ke kewaye da Kwarin Olduvai da ƙananan gangaren arewa na Ngorongoro Crater tsaunuka a ƙarshen Janairu ko farkon Fabrairu. A cikin makonni biyu zuwa uku, ana haifar da kimanin 'yan maruƙa 400,000 - kusan sabbin 'yan maruƙa 8,000 kowace rana - a nan.
Saboda yawan dabbobin daji da ke kewaye da su, dabbobin da ke kewaye suna iya farauta cikin sauƙi sakamakon yawan ƙananan shanu masu rauni. Olakira, Kimondo, da Ubuntu sansanonin ƙaura ne na Asilia a kudancin Serengeti waɗanda ke ba da damar shiga kai tsaye ga waɗanda ke son ganin jarirai da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na manyan kuliyoyi a farauta.
Hijira na Afrilu da Mayu
Dubban dabbobin daji da ƙananan ƙungiyoyin barewa suna sha'awar garken daji mafi kyau yayin da suke shawagi arewa maso yamma zuwa ga ciyawa mai sabo a tsakiyar Serengeti a watan Afrilu bayan sun haifi 'ya'yansu a watan Fabrairu da Maris. A watan Mayu, ginshiƙan dabbobin daji sun fara taruwa kusa da Moru Kopjes, kusa da Dunia Camp, ɗaya daga cikin sansanonin 'yan kaɗan a cikin Serengeti wanda ke ba da damar kallon ƙaura a wannan lokacin na shekara. Ginshiƙan suna da tsawon kilomita da yawa. Mazan wildebeest suna fafatawa kai da kai a lokacin haɗuwa, wanda ke farawa a ƙarshen watan Mayu. Wildebeest, zebra, da barewa suna ci gaba da tafiyarsu ta cikin "wurin da ba a saba gani ba," suna kiwo a hanya.
Dabbobin daji sun fara taruwa a Yammacin Corridor na Serengeti yayin da motsi ke ƙara ƙarfi a hankali. Sansanin Hijira na Ubuntu zai ƙaura a wannan lokacin na shekara domin bin diddigin ƙaura da kuma ba wa baƙi damar ganin wildebeest suna ketare Kogin Grumeti. A gefen tafkuna da hanyoyin kogin, waɗanda dole ne su ketare domin ci gaba da tafiyarsu, garken yana taruwa da adadi mai yawa. Har yanzu akwai isassun wildebeest da za su bai wa crocs na Grumeti liyafa ta gaske, duk da cewa wannan ba abin mamaki ba ne kamar mahadar Mara da aka sani. Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa watan Mayu shine watan da ba a cika ganin irinsa ba a Ubuntu. A wannan lokacin na shekara, safari suna da araha sosai saboda babu baƙi da yawa zuwa Serengeti, amma kallon namun daji har yanzu yana da kyau sosai.
Hijira a watan Yuni da Yuli
Ana iya samun adadi mai yawa na wildebeest a Yammacin Serengeti da kuma a gefen kudancin Kogin Grumeti a watan Yuni, lokacin da lokacin rani ya fara. Ketare kogin da kada ke mamaye shi ne karo na farko cikin matsaloli da yawa da kogin ke fuskanta wanda kowace dabba mai ƙaura dole ne ta jure.
Dubban daruruwan dabbobin daji da na zebra suna ci gaba da tafiya arewa ta gefen yamma na wurin shakatawa yayin da watan Yuni ya koma watan Yuli, suna tafiya zuwa Kogin Mara a arewacin Serengeti, wani shinge mafi haɗari. Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da suka fi ban sha'awa a duniya shine waɗannan ketare koguna. Duk da cewa lokacin ya bambanta dangane da yanayi, yawanci suna farawa a watan Yuli a farkon lokacin kololuwa.
A watan Yuli, yawanci ana samun garken a arewacin Serengeti. Ana kuma samun dabbobin da suka yi nasarar ketare Kogin Mara a cikin Masai Mara daga baya a watan Yuli. Masu ziyara a sansanin Rekero za su iya ganin ketare koguna kai tsaye daga babban bene na sansanin yayin da suke kan safari na Kenya. Ana iya ganin ketare koguna na yau da kullun a kogunan Mara da Talek, waɗanda galibi suke tsakiyar wurare masu ban mamaki, a wannan lokacin.
Agusta, Satumba, da Oktoba Hijira
Zuwa watan Agusta, shanun sun sha wahala wajen ketare Kogin Mara kuma sun bazu ko'ina a arewacin ƙasar. Masai Mara, tare da yawancinsu har yanzu suna arewacin SerengetiFirgici da rudani a wuraren ketarewa, tare da masu farautar dabbobin da ke jira da kuma kwararar ruwa, na iya haifar da mace-mace mai yawa a cikin shekarun da kogin ke kwarara. Baya ga zakoki da sauran manyan masu farautar dabbobin da ke sintiri a bakin teku, a shirye suke su yi wa duk wani wildebeest da ya sami damar ketarewa, crocs suna shan wahala ko da a cikin shekaru na ruwa mai gudana a hankali. Ba wai kawai akwai ketarewa ɗaya ba; a wasu wurare, akwai mutane kaɗan ne kawai, yayin da a wasu kuma, adadi mai yawa na dabbobi suna motsawa ba tare da tsayawa ba na tsawon sa'o'i.
Babban rudanin ya lafa kafin Satumba ko Oktoba, kuma ginshiƙan da ke ƙaura sun koma gabas a hankali. Amma yayin da suke shirin sake haye Kogin Mara a kan hanyarsu ta komawa kudu, wildebeest za su sake fuskantar ruwansa mai nauyi.
Hijira na Nuwamba da Disamba
Dajiyar daji (wildebeest) tana ƙaura daga Kenya zuwa gabashin iyakokin Serengeti, ta wuce filayen Namiri, wani yanki da aka san shi da ganin cheetah na musamman, bayan ɗan gajeren ruwan sama na Gabashin Afirka a ƙarshen Oktoba da farkon Nuwamba. Suna bazuwa a duk faɗin yankunan gabashi da kudanci kafin Disamba.
A cikin kudu maso gabashin Serengeti, ciyawar tana da ruwan sama mai yawa a farkon watannin sabuwar shekara. Wannan yana jawo hankalin dubban ɗaruruwan jaki da sauran dabbobin fili, da kuma garken wildebeest. Yayin da lokacin haihuwa ke ci gaba, zagayowar ta ci gaba.
BABBAN GASKIYA HIJIRA
- Fiye da 'yan wildebeest na yammacin duniya miliyan 1.35 suna cin kimanin tan 4,800 na ciyawa kowace rana.
- Kowace shekara, ana haihuwar 'yan maruƙa sama da 250,000. Kashi huɗu cikin biyar na cikinsu ana haihuwarsu ne a cikin ɗan gajeren lokacin haihuwa na 'yan makonni kaɗan a kan filayen ciyawa a tsakiyar watan Fabrairu, lokacin da ake haihuwar 'yan maruƙa 8,000 zuwa 12,000 a kowace rana. Kimanin waɗannan 'yan maruƙa 70,000 za su mutu kowace shekara sakamakon cin su, nutsewa, rabuwa da mahaifiyarsu, da sauran abubuwa. Kimanin rabinsu za su rayu har su girma.
- 'Yan maruƙan za su iya motsawa cikin mintuna 3 zuwa 7 kuma za su iya ci gaba da bin garken jim kaɗan bayan haka.
- A lokacin da bijimai ke fafatawa da junansu don neman yankinsu, kimanin mata 'yan wildebeest 300,000 ne ke daukar ciki cikin kasa da wata guda.
- Gajerun filayen ciyawa da ke tsakanin ƙofar Nabi da tsaunukan Ngorongoro suna da kyau ga wildebeest ta haihu saboda tokar aman wuta da ta faɗo a can shekaru dubbai da suka gabata. Waɗannan ciyawar suna fitar da calcium, sodium, nitrogen, da phosphorus daga ƙasa mara zurfi, wanda yake da kyau ga shanu masu juna biyu sannan daga baya su sha nono.
- The Serengeti-Mara-Ngorongoro Tsarin halittu yana buƙatar kimanin dabbobi miliyan 1.6 (wildebeest da zebra) don yin ƙaura kowace shekara don kasancewa cikin koshin lafiya da ƙarfi.
- Namun daji na daji “nau'in dutse mai mahimmanci” ne saboda yana cin ciyawa sama da tan miliyan 1.7 kowace shekara, wanda ke canza yanayin da yake rayuwa a ciki. Yana buɗe fili mai yawa ga sauran dabbobi, kamar jakuna, hartebeests, da gazelles. A wata ma'anar, muhimmin “cog” ne wanda ke taimakawa wajen sanya ciyayin Serengeti su zama masu bambanci da amfani. Hijira kadai tana sanya tan 3500 na najasa a cikin yanayin halittu kowace rana (kimanin nauyin motocin jirgin ƙasa 70!), wanda abinci ne mai kyau ga tsirrai da kusan nau'ikan ƙwaro 100 daban-daban.
- Kogin Mara shine kawai tushen ruwa a Serengeti wanda zai iya tallafawa babban ƙaura a lokacin rani. Idan madatsun ruwa da sare bishiyoyi a sama suka busar da kogin, zai zama babban bala'i. Kimanin wildebeest 500,000 wataƙila za su mutu a shekarar farko.
Tambayoyi akai-akai (Tambayoyi)
Hijira tana faruwa duk shekara, amma yanayi daban-daban suna ba da fifiko daban-daban. Daga Janairu zuwa Maris, baƙi za su iya ganin lokacin haihuwa a filayen kudancin ƙasar. Filin shakatawa na SerengetiDaga watan Yuli zuwa Oktoba, garken yana tafiya arewa inda matafiya ke da mafi kyawun damar ganin shahararrun mashigar kogin Mara.
Yawancin matafiya suna ganin ƙaura a ciki Filin shakatawa na Serengeti, ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun wuraren namun daji a Afirka TanzaniaDangane da lokacin shekara, shanu suna yawo a kudancin, tsakiya, yamma, da arewacin Serengeti.
Yawancin matafiya suna yin tsakanin kwanaki 5 zuwa 8 a safarar ƙaura. Wannan yana ba da isasshen lokaci don bincika sassa daban-daban na yanayin Serengeti kuma galibi ya haɗa da ziyartar wasu wurare masu ban sha'awa kamar Ngorongoro Crater or Tarangire National Park.
Ketare kogi yana ɗaya daga cikin lokutan da suka fi ban mamaki na ƙaura lokacin da dubban 'yan wildebeest ke ƙoƙarin ketare kogin Mara yayin da suke fuskantar raƙuman ruwa masu ƙarfi da kada. Waɗannan ketare yawanci suna faruwa ne tsakanin Yuli da Oktoba a arewa. Filin shakatawa na Serengeti.
Eh, ana ɗaukar Babban Hijira a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan abubuwan ban mamaki na namun daji a Duniya. Ganin manyan garkuna da ke yawo a faɗin filayen da kuma ganin hulɗar mafarauta a cikin daji ya sa ya zama ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da ba za a manta da su ba a cikin safari. Tanzania.
Matafiya za su iya zaɓar daga cikin masaukin alfarma, sansanonin tanti, da sansanonin motsa jiki da ke cikin yankuna masu mahimmanci na Filin shakatawa na SerengetiSansanonin ƙaura da yawa suna ƙaura lokaci-lokaci don bin garken shanu da kuma samar da mafi kyawun damar kallon namun daji.
