Izintaba zase Udzungwa
“Ikhaya lezinkawu ezibomvu ze-Red Colobus''
Udzungwa Mountains Overview
Izintaba Udzungwa ziwukhahlamba oluseningizimu-maphakathi ETanzania. Izintaba zikhona ikakhulukazi esifundeni sase-Iringa, eningizimu yenhloko-dolobha yaseTanzania Dodoma. Izintaba zase-Udzungwa ziyingxenye ye-Eastern Arc Mountains futhi ziyikhaya lomphakathi wezitshalo nezilwane ezihlukahlukene. izinombolo ezinkulu ze izinhlobo ezingapheli.
Izintaba ziyikhaya lamaHehe, kanti igama elithi Udzungwa lisuselwa egameni lesiKihehe elithi “Wadzungwa,” okusho ukuthi abantu abahlala ezintabeni. I-Iringa iyindawo enkulu kunazo zonke ezintabeni nasendlunkulu yesifunda.
I-Geography
Izintaba ze-Undzungwa zithatha indawo engu-16,131.40 km2, okuyizintaba ezinkulu kunazo zonke ze-Eastern Arc. Isiqongo esiphakeme kunazo zonke kububanzi yiLuhombero ngamamitha angu-2,579 (8,461 amafidi). Ukhahlamba lwezintaba ngokuvamile lunabela enyakatho-mpumalanga-eningizimu-ntshonalanga. I-Usangu Plain isenyakatho-ntshonalanga, ikhishwa uMfula iRuaha Omkhulu kanye nemingenela yawo.
Umfula omkhulu iRuaha uhlukanisa izintaba Udzungwa nezintaba iRubeho kanye nezintaba Uvidunda enyakatho-mpumalanga. Isigodi soMfula iKilombero siseningizimu naseningizimu-mpumalanga.
Ngaseningizimu-ntshonalanga, i-Makambako Gap ihlukanisa izintaba zase-Udzungwa ne-Kipengere Range. Kokubili Imifula i-Great Ruaha kanye ne-Kilombero iyimingenela yoMfula i-Rufiji, ophumela olwandle i-Indian Ocean. Umfula iLukosi udabuka enkabeni yohlu bese uphumela ngasempumalanga e-Great Ruaha. Umfula i-Little Ruaha nemingenela yawo udonsa kakhulu
engxenyeni esentshonalanga yohlu, ithululela ngasenyakatho eRuaha Enkulu.
Isimo sezulu
Izintaba zase-Udzungwa zinqamula imimoya enomswakama evela e-Indian Ocean futhi zithola imvula eningi kunezizungezile
izindawo eziphansi. Iningi we imvula ivela enkathini yemvula kaNovemba kuya kuMeyi, nakuba inkungu nemvula encane kwenzeka ezindaweni eziphakeme ngesikhathi somiso. izinyanga. Imvula iphakeme emithambekeni eseningizimu naseningizimu-mpumalanga ebheke e-Indian Ocean futhi iphansi ezintabeni, lapho imvula ina enyakatho nasentshonalanga. Amazinga okushisa ayabanda ezindaweni eziphakeme.
Okomhlaba
Izintaba zase-Udzungwa, kanye nezinye ezise-Eastern Arc, zenziwe ngamatshe asendulo acwebezelayo e-Precambrian. ukuthi ngamashumi kuphakanyisiwe ngaphezu kwezigidi zeminyaka ngokulandela amaphutha. Isikhathi sakamuva kakhulu sokukhuphula saqala eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-30 edlule, kodwa uhlelo lwamaphutha kanye nenqubo yokukhuphula kungase kube kudala kakhulu. Umhlabathi osuselwe kulawa matshe asendulo awuvundile njengenhlabathi encane yentaba-mlilo yezintaba ezisenyakatho nasentshonalanga.
Udzungwa Flora and fauna
Cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingamashumi amathathu edlule, indawo yayimboziwe ngamahlathi emvula amaningi. Phakathi nenkathi epholile neyomile eminyakeni engaba izigidi eziyishumi edlule, amahlathi asezindaweni eziphansi aguqulwa aba ama-savanna, okushiya izintaba ziyiziqhingi lapho amahlathi asezindaweni ezishisayo ayeqhubeka echuma khona. Ukuphikelela kwesikhathi eside kwesimo sezulu esinomswakama nokuhlukaniswa kwezintaba ngazinye kuye kwaholela emvelweni omkhulu kanye nezitshalo nezilwane ezihlukahlukene kakhulu. I-Udzungwa kanye nezinye izintaba ze-Eastern Arc zinezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo eziphakeme kakhulu, ezinezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane ezihlala zikhona (ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-25 ezinhlobo zezilwane ezinomgogodla). 10 amaphesenti awo avikelwe yi-Udzungwa Mountains National Park kanye ne-Udzungwa Scarp Nature Forest Reserve.
Izintaba zasoUdzungwa zimboziwe enamahlathi emvula asezindaweni eziphansi, amahlathi emvula ase-montane, ihlathi le-miombo, indawo enotshani, kanye ne-heatland.
Amahlathi anwebeka ukusuka kumamitha angama-300 kuye kwangama-2579 ukuphakama futhi ayahlukahluka ngokwakheka kanye nohlobo lwezinhlobo ezinokuphakama nemvula. Imithambeka eshisayo esempumalanga naseningizimu-mpumalanga ithola imvula eyengeziwe evela e-Indian Ocean futhi isekela amahlathi ahlala eluhlaza emithambekeni ephansi; amathambeka omile asentshonalanga nasenyakatho-ntshonalanga anamahlathi e-miombo avuthulukayo kanye nehlathi ezindaweni eziphakeme eziphansi kanye namahlathi ahlala eluhlaza kuphela ezindaweni eziphakeme.
Okubanzi izindawo zehlathi ethafeni elimaphakathi babe kusuliwe kwezolimo namadlelo. Ukuhlaziywa kwezithombe zesathelayithi kuthathiwe phakathi kuka-1999 no-2003 bathole lokho Izintaba ezingu-1353 km2 zazisamboziwe ehlathini elihlala liluhlaza.
Izintaba ziyikhaya lezilwane ezincelisayo eziningi, ezihlanganisa i-Abbott's duiker (Cephalophus spadix), i-Kipunji (Rungwecebus kipunji), kanye ne-Udzungwa red colobus (igalari ye-Cercocebus). Izindlovu (Loxodonta africana) ziyatholakala emahlathini agudle i-escarpment eseningizimu.
I-gray-faced sengi (Rhynchocyon udzungwensis) iwuhlobo lwezindlovu ezitholakala ezintabeni. I-Udzungwa forest partridge (Xenoperdix udzungwensis) nayo itholakala, futhi izihlobo zayo eziseduze zibonakala zingamagquma ase-Asia.
Nakuba amaqembu amabili asezintabeni ehlukene ngokwezemvelo, izintaba zaseMpumalanga Arc zabelana ngezinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo kanye nemiphakathi yezitshalo ne-Southern Highlands, eseningizimu-ntshonalanga ngaphesheya kwe-Makambako Gap. Zombili ziyizifunda zase-Afromontane, okuyikhaya lezinhlobo zezinhlobo zezintaba futhi zihluke ngokwemvelo ezindaweni eziphansi eziseduze. Isimo sezulu sase-Southern Highlands kuthonywa kakhulu ngaseLake Malawi kune by i-Indian Ocean. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-montane ezilinganiselwe, okuhlanganisa i-Kipunji kanye ne-Kipengere seedeaters (Crithagra melanochrous), zihlala zombili izintaba zase-Udzungwa kanye ne-Kipengere Range.
Iselesele elifutha i-Kihansi (Nectophrynoides asperginis), okuyinto kwaba okutholiwe ngasempophomeni kuphela eMfuleni iKihansi, yashabalala endle ngo-2009 ngesikhathi idamu elisenhla nomfula lishintsha indawo yalo yokuhlala.
Amasele abelokhu ekhona yethulwe kabusha ngemva kohlelo lokuzalanisa abathunjiweyo oluyimpumelelo.
Udzungwa Izindawo ezivikelekile nokongiwa kwemvelo
Izindawo ezivikelwe zihlanganisa i-Udzungwa Mountains National Park (2088.69 km2), Udzungwa Scarp, Kisinga-Rugaro, West Kilombero forest reserves, kanye neSanje Falls. Kungenzeka ukuvakashela i-Udzungwa Mountains National Park kanye hamba izintaba nokuhamba ngezinyawo. Leli paki alinayo imigwaqo edlula ngemoto futhi lingenwa ngezinyawo kuphela. Izindlela zokuhamba ziyahlukahluka, kusukela ohambweni olufushane nolulula lwe-Sonjo Waterfall lwehora elilodwa ukuya e- kunzima kakhulu Uhambo lwezinsuku eziyisi-6 ku-Lumemo Trail. Umzila odume kakhulu iSanje Waterfalls Trail, othatha cishe amahora amane ukuqeda.
Isikhwama Somhlaba Wonke Sezemvelo iyasebenza nemiphakathi yasendaweni ukuze ivikele ipaki futhi inikeze ukwesekwa kwezokongiwa kwemvelo nokuphatha, ukuqapha, ucwaningo, kanye nezinhlelo ze-ecotourism. Usizo lwemiphakathi yendawo lukhuthazwa ngokubanika ithuba lokusebenzisa izinsiza ezifana nokutheza izinkuni, ukuvunwa kwezitshalo zokwelapha, kanye
ukubutha utshani bokufulela.
I-Uzungwa Scarp Nature Forest Reserve (USNFR) itholakala ezintabeni zase-Udzungwa ngaphakathi kweSifunda sase-Iringa (Izifunda zaseKilolo naseMufindi) kanye neSifunda saseKilombero esiFundeni sase-Morogoro. Lesi siqiwi siyikhaya lezinkawu iRed Colobus kanye ezinhlobonhlobo uhlaza, okuhlanganisa nehlathi elide, likanokusho sub-montane. Ezinye izindawo eziheha izivakashi ezitholakala kulesi siqiwi yizici ezihlukile ze-canopy, izilwane zasendle ezinjengezindlovu nezinyathi, izinyoni ezifudukayo, indawo ekhangayo, imigede, izimpophoma (Idasi, Lutalawa, Msingusi, Kiimbi, Ikungwe, Udagaji, Mipimati), izingosi zomlando namasiko (Madege, Lendi, Imelwageni, Kisupyo, Lugupolilote, Lusakalote, Lusakalote, Lusaka, Udagaji imisebenzi yezokuvakasha kwemvelo.
Abavakashi bangenza le misebenzi elandelayo ye-ecotourism: ukubhukuda emachibini emvelo, ukubuka ukuphuma nokushona kwelanga, ukuhamba ngezinyawo, ukuhamba ngezinyawo, uhambo lwe-safari, ulwazi lwamasiko nendabuko, ukubuka izinyoni, ucwaningo kanye nokuvakasha kokufundisa, ukuthwebula izithombe, nokukhempa.
uMhloli
Kunemizila emithathu yokungena endaweni yokulondoloza. Okokuqala one udlula eIpogolo udlula eSifundeni saseKilolo uya esigodini sasoLuti, okusho ukuthi cishe i-100km ukusuka edolobheni lase-Iringa. Eyesibili idlula esiFundeni iMufindi idlula esigcemeni saseMapanda iye esigodini sase-Uhafiwa, esingaba ngu-130 km ukusuka elokishini laseMafinga. Eyesithathu isuka kuMasipala waseMorogoro idlula eDolobheni iMikumi iye eDolobheni lase-Ifakara, bese isuka eChita iye e-Udagaji Village.
Okungu-80km.
In Umasipala wase-Iringa, nakhu I-Nduli Airport, esebenza ngezindiza ezihleliwe nezingahleliwe/eziqashiwe ezivela emadolobheni amakhulu njenge-Dar es Salaam, i-Arusha, ne-Kilimanjaro. Ibanga elisuka edolobheni lase-Iringa ukuya e-Uzungwa Scarp Nature Forest Reserve lilinganiselwa ku-120 km.
Okunye okukhanga izivakashi okutholiwe eduze Uzungwa Nature Forest Reserve are I-Kilombero Nature Forest Reserve, i-Udzungwa Mountains National Park, i-Nyerere National Park, kanye ne-Kidatu Power Station.
Izivakashi eziza esiqiwini zidlula e-Iringa nazo zithola ithuba lokuvakashela izindawo eziseduze nezivakashi ezifana I-Kalenga Historical Centre, Isimila Archaeological Site, kanye ne-Ruaha National Park.
